Introduction to C++

C++ ही Bjarne Stroustrup यांनी 1980 च्या दशकात Bell Labs मध्ये C ची extension म्हणून बनवली. C++ मध्ये C चे सगळे features आहेत + Object Oriented Programming (OOP) आहे. "C with Classes" असे सुरुवातीला म्हणत.

C vs C++ — फरक

• ▸C — Procedural, functions-based. C++ — Procedural + OOP दोन्ही.
• ▸C — No classes/objects. C++ — Classes, inheritance, polymorphism.
• ▸C — Manual memory only. C++ — new/delete + smart pointers.
• ▸C — No function overloading. C++ — Overloading + templates.
• ▸C — No references. C++ — References (&) support.
• ▸C++ — cin/cout. C — printf/scanf.

C++ कुठे वापरतात?

• ▸Game Engines — Unreal Engine, Unity (partly) C++ मध्ये
• ▸Operating Systems — Windows, macOS kernel parts
• ▸Browsers — Chrome, Firefox C++ मध्ये लिहिले
• ▸Databases — MySQL, MongoDB
• ▸Embedded Systems — Cars, IoT devices
• ▸Competitive Programming — Speed साठी #1 choice
• ▸Finance — High-frequency trading systems

#include <iostream>   // Input/Output साठी header
using namespace std;  // std:: prefix नको म्हणून

int main() {
    // cout — console output
    cout << "नमस्कार! C++ मध्ये स्वागत! 🔷" << endl;
    cout << "Hello, World!" << endl;

    // Basic arithmetic
    int a = 10, b = 3;
    cout << a << " + " << b << " = " << a + b << endl;
    cout << a << " / " << b << " = " << a / b << endl;       // 3
    cout << a << " % " << b << " = " << a % b << endl;       // 1

    return 0;  // 0 = success
}