|4. Operators in C++
Chapter 4C++ Tutorial~1 min read

Operators in C++

Operators — गणित आणि Comparisons

C++ मध्ये C चे सगळे operators आहेत + काही extra (scope resolution ::, new/delete, reference &). Syntax C सारखाच आहे.

Arithmetic Operators

Basic math operations

cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a = 10, b = 3;

    cout << a + b << endl;  // 13 — addition
    cout << a - b << endl;  // 7  — subtraction
    cout << a * b << endl;  // 30 — multiplication
    cout << a / b << endl;  // 3  — integer division
    cout << a % b << endl;  // 1  — modulus

    // float division
    cout << (double)a / b << endl;  // 3.3333

    // Increment / Decrement
    int x = 5;
    cout << x++ << endl;  // 5 (print, then increment)
    cout << x   << endl;  // 6
    cout << ++x << endl;  // 7 (increment, then print)

    // Assignment operators
    int c = 10;
    c += 5;   c -= 2;   c *= 3;   c /= 4;   c %= 3;
    cout << "c = " << c << endl;  // (10+5-2)*3/4%3 = 2

    return 0;
}

Relational, Logical, Ternary

Comparisons and logic

cpp
int age = 20;
bool hasCard = true;
int marks = 75;

// Relational — result 1 (true) or 0 (false)
cout << (age >= 18) << endl;   // 1
cout << (marks == 100) << endl; // 0

// Logical
cout << (age >= 18 && hasCard) << endl;  // 1 — AND
cout << (age < 18 || hasCard) << endl;   // 1 — OR
cout << (!hasCard) << endl;              // 0 — NOT

// Ternary — condition ? trueVal : falseVal
string result = (marks >= 40) ? "Pass ✅" : "Fail ❌";
cout << result << endl;  // Pass ✅

// boolalpha — true/false print करतो
cout << boolalpha << (age >= 18) << endl;  // true

Key Points — लक्षात ठेवा

  • / integer division (10/3=3), % modulus (10%3=1)
  • x++ post-increment, ++x pre-increment
  • Relational: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >= — result bool
  • &&, ||, ! — logical operators
  • Ternary: cond ? val1 : val2 — one-liner if-else
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